Palatinate-Neuburg was the name of two separate states of the Holy Roman Empire based in the Duchy of Neuburg around Neuburg an der Donau in modern Bavaria, Germany.
| Palatinate-Neuburg Pfalz-Neuburg | |
| 1505 - 1557 | |
| Capital Circle Bench |
Neuburg an der Donau Bavarian Council of Princes |
| Established | 1505 |
| Electorate of the Palatinate | 1557 |
Palatinate-Neuburg (1505 - 1557)[]
Palatinate-Neuburg was created in 1505 following the Landshut War of Succession, in which the Electorate of the Palatinate went to war against Bavaria-Munich to guarantee the rights of the elector's grandchildren, Otto Henry and Philip, who were also the grandchildren of the last Duke of Bavaria-Landshut, George. The result was the granting of all territories of Landshut north of the Danube to the two children while the lion's share of the rest went to Bavaria-Munich. The state was placed under the regency of the Elector Philip. After Philip's death in 1508, Frederick II excercied the regency.
In 1522 Otto Henry and Philip celebrated their coming of age at Burglengenfeld. The brothers immediately began to bicker, and in 1523 divided the rulership of Neuburg between them. Otto Henry constructed a new palace at Neuburg and became involved in the Sickingen Feud (1523) and the Peasants War (1525). Philip entered the service of the Emperor but soon left it to enter the service of the Elector Palatine. He eventually had a respected and successful military career before returning to Neuburg and forcing his brother into a fairer partition of the lands. Both brothers lived extravagant lifestyles, and inevitably declared bankruptcy (Philip: 1540; Otto Henry: 1544). Philip died in 1548 in Heidelberg living a frugal lifestyle. In 1556 the Elector died and Otto Henry succeeded him. The following year the Duchy of Neuburg was passed to Palatinate-Zweibrücken.
|
Name |
Reign |
Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Otto Henry | 1505 - 1557 | Elector of the Palatinate |
| Philip | 1505 - 1548 | |
| Philip | 1505 - 1508 | regent; Elector of the Palatinate |
| Frederick II | 1508 - 1522 | regent; Elector of the Palatinate |
| Palatinate-Neuburg Pfalz-Neuburg | |
| |
| 1569 - 1686 | |
| Capital Circle Bench |
Neuburg an der Donau Bavarian Council of Princes |
| Partitioned from Palatinate-Zweibrücken | 1569 |
| Acquired Jülich-Berg | 1614 |
| Partitioned | 1614 |
| Electorate of the Palatinate | 1686 |
Palatinate-Neuburg (1569 - 1685)[]
In 1569 Count Palatine Wolfgang of Palatinate-Zweibrücken died and his territories were partitioned between his five sons: a much reduced Duchy of Neuburg came to the eldest Philip Louis. His reign was dominated by the inheritance of Jülich-Berg-Cleves which the Elector of Brandenburg also claimed. In 1613 he converted to Catholicism, winning the support of the Emperor and the Catholic League, and in 1614 at the Contract of Xanten the duchy was partitioned and he received Jülich and Berg. The success was short-lived for he died later that year, and after his death Palatinate-Neuburg was partitioned into itself, for Wolfgang William, Palatinate-Sulzbach and Palatinate-Sulzbach-Hilpoltstein. Wolfgang William managed to lead his state through the Thirty Years' War (1618 - 1648) with little carnage, and even managed to acquire the County of Ravenstein from Brandenburg. His successor Philip William inherited the Electorate of the Palatinate in 1686.
|
Name |
Reign |
Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Philip Louis | 1569 - 1614 | |
| Wolfgang William | 1614 - 1653 | |
| Philip William | 1653 - 1685 | Elector of the Palatinate |